Use Table 5.1 and Figure 5.2 to help you produce a similar table for the elements in period 2.
Element | \(_{3}^{7}\text{Li}\) | \(_{4}^{9}\text{Be}\) | \(_{5}^{11}\text{B}\) | \(_{6}^{12}\text{C}\) |
Chlorides | \(\text{LiCl}\) | \(\text{BeCl}_{2}\) | \(\text{BCl}_{3}\) | \(\text{CCl}_{4}\) |
Oxides | \(\text{Li}_{2}\text{O}\) | \(\text{BeO}\) | \(\text{B}_{2}\text{O}_{3}\) | \(\text{CO}_{2}\) or \(\text{CO}\) |
Valence electrons | \(2\text{s}^{1}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{1}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{2}\) |
Atomic radius | Decreases across the period. | |||
First Ionization energy | Increases across the period. | |||
Electro-negativity | Increases across the period. | |||
Melting and boiling point | Increases to carbon and then decreases to neon. | |||
Electrical conductivity | Increases to boron and then decreases. Boron is a semi-conductor. Lithium and beryllium are conductors. The rest are insulators. |
Element | \(_{7}^{14}\text{N}\) | \(_{8}^{16}\text{O}\) | \(_{9}^{19}\text{F}\) | \(_{10}^{20}\text{Ne}\) |
Chlorides | \(\text{NCl}_{3}\) | no compounds, but oxygen does combine with chlorine in compounds called chlorine oxides | no compounds | no compounds |
Oxides | \(\text{NO}_{2}\) or \(\text{NO}\) | No compounds. Oxygen combines with itself to form \(\text{O}_{2}\). | no oxides, but fluorine does combine with oxygen in compounds called oxygen fluorides. | no compounds |
Valence electrons | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{3}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{4}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{5}\) | \(2\text{s}^{2}2\text{p}^{6}\) |
Atomic radius | Decreases across the period. | |||
First Ionization energy | Increases across the period. | |||
Electro-negativity | Increases across the period. | |||
Melting and boiling point | Increases to carbon and then decreases to neon. | |||
Electrical conductivity | Increases to boron and then decreases. Boron is a semi-conductor. Lithium and beryllium are conductors. The rest are insulators. |